>Koreans on Jow Forums
based&redpilled
>Japanese on Jow Forums
apex cringe
>Actual Korean culture IRL
apex cringe
>Actual Japanese culture IRL
based&redpilled
how come?
Koreans on Jow Forums
Samuel Morales
Other urls found in this thread:
en.m.wikipedia.org
en.m.wikipedia.org
mofa.go.jp
en.m.wikipedia.org
www2.biglobe.ne.jp
archives.gov
en.m.wikipedia.org
en.m.wikipedia.org
twitter.com
Kevin Butler
<
""Because ton of monies are involving in this issue.""
<
>>At 2018 again the Korean government decided to force Japan to pay $24 billion with the money coming from the 245 Japanese companies operating in Korea. Korea tries to force this as compensation for WW2
<
"220,000"of korean people is asking at least "$89,051.50 = ¥10000000".
South Korea already forcefully seize the property of some of Japanese companies already.(crazy but this is the reality.)
<
The only reason? Money.
Korea have never stopped asking for compensation, even until now.
<
>in the Japan-Korea Basic Treaty , japan paid The total amount of 800 million dollars [currently converted 4,500 billion yen] to south korea.The total amount of 800 million dollars is 2.3 times the Korean national budget at the time.
<
>And Japan's private assets in Korea amount to 5.3 billion dollars (1.98 trillion yen, about 15 trillion yen now converted) was given for free.
<
en.m.wikipedia.org
<
<
<
and 1994
The Asian Women's Fund
a total of ¥4.8 billion ($40 million) was provided by the Government of Japan.
<
And 2015 ,
the Japan-korea agreements made over comfort women.
"Japan paid 1 billion yen again in 2015."
<
<
>Also, how often we apologize for war criminals…
>We can see Japanese government apologists so often, and the government of Japan itself never denied the existence of Japanese war criminals of the past.
en.m.wikipedia.org
t_of_war_apology_statements_issued_
by_Japan
>That’s not a very good look for South Korea, who only seem to be thinking of the money.
Adam Myers
>in the Japan-Korea Basic Treaty, the following words are written. "Confirm that post-war processing will be complete and ultimately resolved" (Article 2, Article 1 of the Agreement)>>
<
en.m.wikipedia.org
>However, after the conclusion of the treaty, South Korea utilized the money from Japan for national development without paying individuals for compensation. And never informed about it to the own korean people.
There is no doubt that the economic growth of Korea, which was said to be "the Han River's miracle", was made with the liquidation paid for this and North and South Korea as the driving force.>>
>And the Korean government surprisingly, has not informed the people about even this treaty itself. Is it to conceal what was diverted to national development without paying to individuals? Or maybe it is to aim for an increase in Japanese hate within the Korean people? Or perhaps both?
Liam Barnes
kys
Caleb Sanchez
rude
daijoubu desu ka
Brandon Lewis
Newest agreements about comfort woman was 2015.
Announcement by Foreign Ministers of Japan and the Republic of Korea at the Joint Press Occasion
You can see everything here
mofa.go.jp
the Japanese paid repeatedly during 2015, with the Korea-Japan agreements made over comfort women.
"Japan paid 1 billion yen again in 2015."
Almost all the old comfort woman took the money and accepted the agreements at the time of president park, but the Korean media hid it.
Korean government did this:
1. Paid 10 million yen to surviving comfort women based on the Korea-Japan Agreement and paid 2 million yen to the families of dead comfort women.
2. Three-quarters of surviving comfort women, 36 out of 47 people, accepted. Of these, 34 had already received aid.
3. Of the family members of 199 dead comfort women, they also accepted the bereaved families of 68 people.
Comfort women and their families accepted and reconciled the money as a problem with the Korea-Japan Agreement, but only President Moon has provoked and instigated trouble, as if the agreement had problems.
<
<
Also The Asian Women's Fund also abbreviated to アジア女性基金 in Japanese, was a fund set up by the Japanese government in 1994 to distribute monetary compensation to comfort women in South Korea,
Eli Bailey
Comfort woman was nothing but a paid prostituter.
not Japanese denial of war crimes.
>>
>"Licensed prostitution was legal in prewar Japan, and Allied officials viewed the small part of the overseas system they uncovered as an extension of homeland practices. Prosecuting Japanese soldiers for rape, a notorious crime everywhere the army set foot, took precedence over investigating the circumstances of “comfort women,” who were seen as professional prostitutes, not as unwilling victims coerced into brothels by employees of the Japanese military."
>This analysis is in line with the "Japanese Prisoner of War Interrogation Report 49" written in 1944, which describes "A 'comfort girl' to be nothing more than a prostitute or 'professional camp follower' attached to the Japanese Army for the benefit of the soldiers."
>The report further stated that this practice was not charged with criminal acts.
>"In part to reduce local resentment against Japan and in part to prevent the spread of venereal disease among its ranks, the Japanese military contracted private vendors to set up “comfort stations” for the troops as early as 1932. Again, this practice was known to the Allies but no criminal can harges were filed at the trials."
the IWG expressed disappointment at the preface of the report because the IWG uncovered and released very few Asian theatre records.
thus, the IWG apologized to the Global Alliance for Preserving the History of WWII in Asia,which was involved in the commencement of this project.
Jordan Baker
>>Korean culture
Try to Name even one interesting culture from Korea that is not related the statement of "this was originated in Korea not japan!"
Or not related just anti Japan statement
Or not related plastic surgery.
<
Their whole culture revolves around hating Japan and having plastic surgery.
<
No one except korean have a such a pathetic culture.
>annexed by japanese
>postcolonial state's national identity revolves around resentment and obsession about japan
>all industries and institutions were made and/or assisted by japan
>copies everything japan does/has, and then claims origin
>"japan is this, japan is that" make up for like 99% of domestic arguments
>"overcoming japan" is literally the national motto
>even its sworn enemy, the northern brother, is a shitty wannabe imperial japan
>so butthurt that even a name of sea, the sea of japan, triggers them because it has japan
>the abnormal obsession is easily noticed by foreigners
>the Korean government even had ads on the airport subway line complaining about the Dokdo/Takeshima dispute, trying to asset Korean sovereignty over them to every foreign visitors
>japan puts the stalker on a watch list, an gooks confuse it with attention
>can't help but post "see, korea is featured in a TV-show in dai-nippon! they are obsessed with us!" on a fucking japanese website
What a sad people Koreans are...
Kayden Jackson
You look Korean
Rather you are completely Korean :DDD :DDD
Elijah Wright
>netouyo-bot activated
Grayson Johnson
kekekekeke
bareta
Matthew Diaz
don't use a Japanese illustration
Haven't you felt shame, huh?
Brandon Reed
This board prohibits trolling
You invaded the rule of Jow Forums
Landon Russell
>T.Korean living in Russia
Joseph Cook
BLOOD TYPE ON MY SLEEVE
Jack Bennett
Koreans on this site are NEET losers.
Tyler Campbell
Well, you are a Korean who use proxy/VPN or live in Russia?
Ian Mitchell
Because they need to be apologists for their crime. It is a great shame on their nation that they will have to carry and they refuse to amend for their actions.
Christian Peterson
Read
Alexander Allen
The Asian Women's Fund also abbreviated to アジア女性基金 in Japanese, was a fund set up by the Japanese government in 1994 to distribute monetary compensation to comfort women in South Korea,
Tyler Lewis
That is very useless
He doesn't have a brain which can understand what you wrote
So he'll continue to write that forever
Jeremiah Russell
2015 agreements of comfort woman.
The Government of Japan and the Government of the Republic of Korea (ROK) have intensively discussed the issue of comfort women between Japan and the ROK at bilateral meetings including the Director-General consultations.
(1) The issue of comfort women, with an involvement of the Japanese military authorities at that time, was a grave affront to the honor and dignity of large numbers of women, and the Government of Japan is painfully aware of responsibilities from this perspective. As Prime Minister of Japan, Prime Minister Abe expresses anew his most sincere apologies and remorse to all the women who underwent immeasurable and painful experiences and suffered incurable physical and psychological wounds as comfort women.
(2) The Government of Japan has been sincerely dealing with this issue. Building on such experience, the Government of Japan will now take measures to heal psychological wounds of all former comfort women through its budget. To be more specific, it has been decided that the Government of the ROK establish a foundation for the purpose of providing support for the former comfort women, that its funds be contributed by the Government of Japan as a one-time contribution through its budget, and that projects for recovering the honor and dignity and healing the psychological wounds of all former comfort women be carried out under the cooperation between the Government of Japan and the Government of the ROK.
(3) While stating the above, the Government of Japan confirms that this issue is resolved finally and irreversibly with this announcement, on the premise that the Government will steadily implement the measures specified in (2) above. In addition, together with the Government of the ROK, the Government of Japan will refrain from accusing or criticizing each other regarding this issue in the international community, including at the United Nations.
"Japan paid 1 billion yen again in 2015."
Joshua Barnes
the so-called “Nanking Massacre”.
Historically, this was the massacre of 50,000-300,000 Chinese civilians conducted by the Japanese army. This information was exaggerated for the purpose of propaganda.
This is already common knowledge to historians all over the world.
Every single photograph of the massacre either was fabricated, a photo from the Chinese civil war,
listed here:
www2.biglobe.ne.jp
ant/nankingm.htm
The war in Nanking between Japan and China did indeed happen.
There was a war at Nanking, where they fought against each other but the story of the massacred 50,000-300,000 civilians, this is an exaggeration.
The IWG, USA’s National Historical Team published a report focused on Japanese war crimes titled “Researching Japanese War Crimes, Introductory Essays”. In the report, the IWG analysed the reason why documents regarding the crimes were scarce.
archives.gov
japanese-war-crimes/introductory-es
says.pdf
Military involvement is necessary to massacre 50,000–300,000 people in Nanking, but no evidence of military involvement in those incidents has been found.
Since most actual Japanese military records were scarce and nothing was found, even by a survey conducted by the IWG.
Historians have been unable to accurately estimate the death toll of Nanking at all.
In the Chinese civil war, the Chinese were nearly 10 times the amount of their own citizens as died in the Nanking Massacre. Here is all the evidence.
Benjamin Valentino estimates that between 1927 and 1949, the death toll among the Chinese between the civil war is 1.8 million to 3.5 million.
It is more than clear that the Nanking story was made "by the communist party of China " to hide the fact that the civil war took nearly 10 times the amount of lives that the so call massacre did, "and encourages people to hate Japan instead of the Chinese communists."
Connor Cook
Initially, there were only 250,000 people in Nanking city (the Nanking citizens' refugee population at the time of occupation), 300,000 ~ 500,000 people (as insisted upon by the Chinese side) could not have been killed, and there is no logical evidence backing up the number.
Luis S · Smyce, general secretary of Nanjing International Safety Zone International Committee in the war, conducted a damage survey three months after the fall of Nanking. The population of Nanjing is 250,000 people. The findings of these international organizations are generally available materials. So we can easily conclude that the story of the massacre of 50,000–300,000 civilians is an impossibility, and exaggerated propaganda. Even if the Chinese government conducted a survey on the national scale over that half century or more, the remains of the bone of the 50,000–300,000 dead citizens in Nanking were, surprisingly, never found..
Isaac Wood
Even if the war crimes committed by Japanese soldiers were in Nanking, since the Chinese army at that time did not surrender, the enemy soldiers on the battlefield must have been shot. Even in self-defence, it is normal that Japanese soldiers will attack Chinese soldiers.
And as Chinese soldiers disguised themselves as civilians, becoming clothing soldiers, they are engaging in terrorist activities aimed at the Japanese army. Under international law, even if we treat them, even if we give some civilian damage, international law will be the responsibility of the Chinese army who implemented the strategy. Also, there is no logical evidence that Japanese soldiers attacked Chinese civilians aimed at.
You can imagine that at the time of Nanking, they were at war like Iraq or Afghanistan are now.
The story of the indiscriminate massacres of the general public by the Japanese army have no supporting evidence at all, even by the survey conducted by the IWG.
Anyway, about Nanking massacre.
Take a look at this website, as it is the most clear. You can read everything about the Nanking massacre in detail.
www2.biglobe.ne.jp
ant/nankingm.htm
And compare the pictures of the Chinese civil war and the Nanking massacre.
You can see that the so-called “Pictures of the Nanking massacre” are just the pictures of the Chinese civil wars.
In Chinese civil war, the Chinese were killing each other 10 times as much as the amount of casualties in the massacre. Here is all the evidence.
Luke Rodriguez
Were you retarded before the bombs drop or did we nuke you into retardation?
Jonathan Price
Carson Davis
shush korean scum
John Murphy
t. mentally ill Korean
Jack Davis
Lies invented by the Japanese government
Aaron King
You are Chinese who use Swiss flag and often insult Japanese and Japan
I know you well
Show us the proof of the lies and your true flag
Act properly, you stupid Wang
Asher Gray
This is survey of the westerner not Japanese.
Read here well
"Luis S · Smyce, general secretary of Nanjing International Safety Zone International Committee in the war, conducted a damage survey three months after the fall of Nanking. The population of Nanjing is 250,000 people. The findings of these international organizations are generally available materials."
Initially, there were only 250,000 people in Nanking city (the Nanking citizens' refugee population at the time of occupation), 300,000 ~ 500,000 people (as insisted upon by the Chinese side) could not have been killed, and there is no logical evidence backing up the number.
Nolan Diaz
When will Japan apologize for their crime?
I respect Japan but this is getting ridicolous
Aiden Rogers
>did we nuke you into retardation?
kek
Christian Bennett
>I respect Japan but this is getting ridicolous
You Korean don't respect Japanese at all and you will never do
Keep your own ugly mental and soul and continue to insult Japanese forever, you shit Korean
Do you understand?
Jaxson Rivera
I am not Korean I am legit Italian
I don't even like Koreans that much I very much prefer Japanese culture
Isaiah Morris
>always thinking that all the other people who say a single thing that against his faith are Korean
Cooper James
I just want peace between you two people
Is that much to ask?
Thomas Cook
Fuck me sidewards with a barge pole what is going on here
Someone get me a Frenchman so I can winge about being at war with him for 800 years.
Aiden Gutierrez
Why do japs always post Q-tier text walls?
Brandon Sanchez
I hate liars and Koreans
Jaxon Jackson
Japan apologized countless times.
Example of Japanese apologizes.
The Asian Women's Fund also abbreviated to アジア女性基金 in Japanese, was a fund set up by the Japanese government in 1994 to distribute monetary compensation to comfort women in South Korea.
Read well here
<
en.m.wikipedia.org
an_Women%27s_Fund
Tyler Bell
you should apologized for your crimes
Owen Fisher
>peace
Look at this thread and check out who's breaking the peace. It's always same. Why the heck people always blaming us for this ridiculous shit started by a pathetic Jap copypasta
Sebastian Russell
Japanese art at it's finest.
Carson Johnson
Example of Japanese apologizing 2
<
2015 agreements of comfort woman.
Read well here
>(1) The issue of comfort women, with an involvement of the Japanese military authorities at that time, was a grave affront to the honor and dignity of large numbers of women, and the Government of Japan is painfully aware of responsibilities from this perspective. As Prime Minister of Japan, Prime Minister Abe expresses anew his most sincere apologies and remorse to all the women who underwent immeasurable and painful experiences and suffered incurable physical and psychological wounds as comfort women.
(2) The Government of Japan has been sincerely dealing with this issue. Building on such experience, the Government of Japan will now take measures to heal psychological wounds of all former comfort women through its budget. To be more specific, it has been decided that the Government of the ROK establish a foundation for the purpose of providing support for the former comfort women, that its funds be contributed by the Government of Japan as a one-time contribution through its budget, and that projects for recovering the honor and dignity and healing the psychological wounds of all former comfort women be carried out under the cooperation between the Government of Japan and the Government of the ROK.
(3) While stating the above, the Government of Japan confirms that this issue is resolved finally and irreversibly with this announcement, on the premise that the Government will steadily implement the measures specified in (2) above. In addition, together with the Government of the ROK, the Government of Japan will refrain from accusing or criticizing each other regarding this issue in the international community, including at the United Nations.
"Japan paid 1 billion yen again in 2015."
Jose Garcia
I am not him
Why would I lie if we are all anonymous?
Dylan Wilson
I say it again
I HATE LIARS AND KOREANS
Gabriel Sanchez
If this is not apologize then what is apologize means?
Joseph Cruz
he is our posting robot with advanced AI
no wonder...
Hudson Gutierrez
If this is true then it is alright
Be strong mate
Evan Barnes
Carson Davis
Hey jjokbari scum
Come here and lets discuss about it
Christopher Nguyen
He always insult Japanese and Japan, and worship K-pop idols
But it's natural for him because he is a Korean and Koreans tell so many lies
Even in this thread, Koreans told many lies.
Ryan Sullivan
Look at the statistics there are many Italian flags in this website!
I already told you I am not Korean I don't even know a word in Korean
Colton Butler
>mate
Yeah, as you are so evil that you said this.
you must be his mate
No, rather you are completely Korean
Michael Harris
He'll never ever try to listen a single word from you. I would rather do rock scissor paper with mirror than talking with that nip bot
Justin Young
>invaded the rule of Jow Forums
>jjokbari is a discrimination term
Jaxson Martin
You are my mate as well
There shouldn't be war between you guys in my opinion
Just an advice from an European friend
William Flores
Apologise for the rape of nanking you jap fucks
Noah Brown
I believe every person can reach salvation so I will try to befriend him anyway
But thanks for the advice and your concerns
Luke Diaz
You who continue to insult Japanese and Japan and continue to tell so many lies everyday are completely Korean
Don't pretend to be Italian who are our friend
DO YOU UNDERSTAND, YOU STUPID KOREAN
Luke Hernandez
Read
Caleb Williams
Bytheway what are you talking about?
Why changeing The sabject of the arguments here
Jose Bailey
Aprogie telling lies and insulting Japanese on this post
Do it right now
Can't you Korean do it?
Chase Cook
I am Italian!
Non so neanche una parola di coreano...
Maledizione non ci credo...
Pensavo che voi Giapponesi foste più calmi di così
Landon Hill
Nice cope. Two nukes were absolutely not enough.
Enjoy your cucked anime.
Robert Parker
How many Japanese are in this conversation?
It's not only one right?
Nathan Russell
Look at this loser dog of the argument.
Caleb Reyes
2 Japanese I think.
I’m nip bot.
And you saied this
(You) #
(You) #
If this is true then it is alright
So I don’t have problems for now to you.
So just leave the thread if you do not want to discuss the subject of the argument
Lucas Reyes
The RAPE of nanking (do not try to call it nanking massacre) was one of the worse crimes of the second world war second only to the holocaust. Instead of accepting responsibility you continue to deny it. Even the amerifats said they regretted the nukes.
Juan Garcia
Did you think that you can make Japanese believe lies if you spoke Italian?
Pensavi di poter far credere ai giapponesi bugie se parlassi di Itarian?
Can't you even apologize about your lies and insulting Japanese
Non puoi nemmeno scusarti per le tue bugie e il giapponese offensivo
Connor Moore
"Whoever fights with monsters should see to it that he does not become a monster in the process. And when you gaze long into an abyss the abyss also gazes into you."
Probably, when you achieve that, you will had become one idiot like him.
Jonathan Gutierrez
Bytheway try to have some game.
Try to Name even one interesting culture from Korea that is not related the statement of "this was originated in Korea not japan!"
Or not related just anti Japan statement
Or not related plastic surgery.
<
Their whole culture revolves around hating Japan and having plastic surgery.
<
No one except korean have a such a pathetic culture.
>annexed by japanese
>postcolonial state's national identity revolves around resentment and obsession about japan
>all industries and institutions were made and/or assisted by japan
>copies everything japan does/has, and then claims origin
>"japan is this, japan is that" make up for like 99% of domestic arguments
>"overcoming japan" is literally the national motto
>even its sworn enemy, the northern brother, is a shitty wannabe imperial japan
>so butthurt that even a name of sea, the sea of japan, triggers them because it has japan
>the abnormal obsession is easily noticed by foreigners
>the Korean government even had ads on the airport subway line complaining about the Dokdo/Takeshima dispute, trying to asset Korean sovereignty over them to every foreign visitors
>japan puts the stalker on a watch list, an gooks confuse it with attention
>can't help but post "see, korea is featured in a TV-show in dai-nippon! they are obsessed with us!" on a fucking japanese website
What a sad people Koreans are...
Jayden Torres
I would like to discuss even more as I am interested in the relationship of both country especially from an outsider point of view
As you can see I am not taking any part in the argument so I have "no horse in this race" as the say goes
Charles Scott
You are really rude madman
Why can't you apologize your lies?
don't you recognise that you insulted Japanese very much?
Are you crazy and brainlet man?
Nicholas Lopez
>20usd for happy ending
lolol
Kevin Roberts
I will fix your sentence in real Italian:
1)Pensavi davvero di far credere a noi Giapponesi le tue bugie solamente parlando in Italiano?
2)Puoi almeno scusarti per la tua offesa contro il Giappone?
Here you go
I genuinelly want to know what is happening I won't let anyone here to influence my ethic
Still thanks for the anedoct it was lovely
Caleb Wright
do you love Japan?
Jace Bailey
>I would like to discuss even more as I am interested in the relationship of both country especially from an outsider point of view
What you did here is insult Japan and Japanese.
The existences which are like you become really offencive for posters who come to this board.
Don't you understand such easy thing, huh?
Lucas James
Read #
(You) #
(You) #
It’s denied by USA national historians team not japan .
The IWG, USA’s National Historical Team published a report focused on Japanese war crimes titled “Researching Japanese War Crimes, Introductory Essays”. In the report, the IWG analysed the reason why documents regarding the crimes were scarce.
archives.gov
japanese-war-crimes/introductory-es
says.pdf
Military involvement is necessary to massacre 50,000–300,000 people in Nanking, but no evidence of military involvement in those incidents has been found.
Since most actual Japanese military records were scarce and nothing was found, even by a survey conducted by the IWG.
Historians have been unable to accurately estimate the death toll of Nanking at all.
Dylan Cruz
I'm usually not awake for East-Asian chimpouts, is this what I've been missing out this entire time?
Levi Flores
OK
Answer my question, right now!
>Can't you even apologize about your lies and insulting Japanese
>What you did here is insult Japan and Japanese.
>The existences which are like you become really offencive for posters who come to this board.
>Don't you understand such easy thing, huh?
Connor Cook
miserable gooklian lel
Mason Sullivan
This is the first time I come in this kind of threads
I doubt how I can even ruin the whole board
Austin Brooks
He insulted Japanese and Japan also today, lol
He is absolutely mentally ill
Xavier Wright
Lol. French men love asian lady
Blake Wood
What lies? I am really Italian I won't lie on this
I don't see how I insulted Japan when I just stated I like the culture in the first place
I replied to your third question already
Yes I did
Oliver Nguyen
You didn't answer my questions at all
I SAID YOU """ANSWER MY QUESTIONS"""
>Can't you even apologize about your lies and insulting Japanese
>What you did here is insult Japan and Japanese.
>The existences which are like you become really offencive for posters who come to this board.
>Don't you understand such easy thing, huh?
Jonathan Lewis
>I genuinelly want to know what is happening I won't let anyone here to influence my ethic
>Still thanks for the anedoct it was lovely
it isn't a anecdote I was quoting Nietzsche. e.e
And you probably will do you a good favor searching for it by yourself them try to grasp something meaningful in this shitstorm.
Michael Mitchell
This Yes I meant a quote not anedocte sorry
I would have said citation but I am not sure if that was correct English
Wyatt Lee
Can't remember even your own post?
Are you crazy and brainlet?
>When will Japan apologize for their crime?
We'd already apologize
"""You told a lie and insult Japanese and Japan"""
>I respect Japan but this is getting ridicolous
You insulted Japanese
Apologize when?
Benjamin White
read this
Logan Jackson
Yes and I said I respect Japan in that exact same post
Respect is a positive thing
Also I said
>When will Japanese apologize for their crime
As everyone on Jow Forums knows about Japanese empire time and it was just a question so calm down
Eli Price
Anyway remainer for the new viewers
If this is not apologize then what is apologize means?
(You) #
(You) #
Nicholas Foster
>As everyone on Jow Forums knows about Japanese empire time and it was just a question
lol, you are really crazy scum
Even though you knew it was insulting Japanese, you never apologize to Japanese
That is completely same as Koreans that you are own, lol
Kim, you are evil and crazy and stupid scum who is worst in this board
James Moore
Real apologetic for your politicians to visit the Yasukuni Shrine, which honours convicted war criminals.
Jeremiah White
I said that I didn't know about these apologizes so thank you for telling me
Joshua Bennett
That is an assertion which is said by rapacious Koreans and Chinese who want to more money and technology of Japan
They always say to get those from Japan
Leo Baker
Everyone know Japan had an empire
We even allied in WW2 if you study history
It was called the Axis because originally the idea was that Europe should rotate to the axis Rome-Berlin
Later Tokyo was added and thus the "World" replaced "Europe" in this notation