The table in the picture shows the proportion of African ancestry in self-identified "whites" in Brazil, broken down by region. Note that this is only African ancestry, not non-white. Even those with small African ancestry could still have Asian, Amerindian or Arab ancestry.
The first four columns represent the South, North, Northeast and Southeast regions, respectively. As the table lacks the Centre-West region, we will use Southeast values for it. The fifth column is the African ancestry in self-identified "blacks" and the sixth the African ancestry in United States whites. These last two columns are not relevant for the purposes of this thread.
"Brazilian whites" (i.e. relatively light-skinned people in total) are 78%, 23%, 29%, 55% and 41% in the S, N, NE, SE and CW regions respectively.
"Brazilian whites" are 47% of the population. The regions having 14%, 9%, 28%, 42% and 8% of the total population, these 47% "Brazilian whites" are divided per region in 11%, 2%, 8%, 23% and 3%, respectively. Summing the SE and CW regions to treat them as one, that's 11%, 2%, 8% and 26%.
If we define whites as those with less than 20% African ancestry, "real whites" are 71%, 43%, 36% and 21% of "Brazilian whites" (not of the total population) in the S, N, NE and SE regions, as per the table. In the total population that is respectively 8% + 1% + 3% + 5% = 17%.
If we define whites as those with less than 10% African ancestry, "real whites" are 51%, 25%, 20% and 11% of "Brazilian whites" per region. In the total population that is respectively 6% + 1% + 2% + 3% = 12%.
Ergo, Brazil is at most 12% white, or 17% if you are willing to count as whites those with up to 20% African ancestry.